Therapeutic effects of moisturisers are greatest in the first 6 hours after their application; regular application 2–3 times/day may be needed to maximise benefits. Krestovnikova VA. Phage treatment and phage prophylactics and their approval in the works of the Soviet researchers. J Microb Epidemiol Immun In addition, we assessed patient-reported outcomes, based on participant's assessment of current severity of symptoms (VAS-S), participant's perceived change in severity (VAS-CS), and the DLQI questionnaire, to provide a comprehensive assessment of efficacy. The VAS-CS at the 2-week and 8-week clinic visits was significantly better with Honevo. However, there was no difference with the 2-week and 8-week DLQI assessments or the weekly diary VAS-S measures. Thus, the patient assessments were not completely consistent with the other assessments of efficacy. This could mean that the variability in these led to insufficient statistical power to detect a difference, or in the context of rosacea, that an ideal measurement related to efficacy that is sensitive to change needs further development. The rosacea quality-of-life instrument has been recently reviewed in addition to the DLQI and a generic health-related quality-of-life instrument, the SF-36, in rosacea, and may be a suitable instrument for future research. 21 In the absence of a validated VAS for rosacea severity, it is difficult to comment on the clinical relevance of a reduction of 11 points from baseline in the VAS-S or the 12.3 improvement in VAS-CS in the Honevo group compared to the control group after 8 weeks. As these outcomes were participant assessed and participants could not be blinded to the interventions, there is a risk of detection bias in this methodology. The DLQI is a questionnaire non-specific to rosacea and may not have been sensitive enough to capture changes associated with this condition alone. The drop-out rate for this study was greater than anticipated, which will need to be factored into future research in similar clinical studies. The greater number of withdrawals due to worsening rosacea in the control group (12% vs 4%), and overall withdrawals is likely to have led to an underestimation of the efficacy of Honevo, as these participants did not undergo assessment of the secondary outcome variables following withdrawal. Leung SSY, Morales S, Britton W, Kutter E, Chan HK. Microfluidic-assisted bacteriophage encapsulation into liposomes. Int J Pharm

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Mylon SE, Rinciog CI, Schmidt N, Gutierrez L, Wong GC, Nguyen TH. Influence of salts and natural organic matter on the stability of bacteriophage MS2. Langmuir Method: Melt the cetomacrogol emulsifying wax (see Cetomacrogol cream aqueous) in the liquid paraffin, and mix with 50mL of purified water heated to approximately 70°C. Stir until a semi-solid cream forms. Mix the chlorhexidine gluconate solution BP with the remaining 10mL of purified water, and stir through the cream in three separate 5mL portions. Make up to 100g with purified water if necessary. Phage cream inhibited bacterial growth in liquid broth culture and on a petri dish No stability study conductedAmplification and purification of T4-like escherichia coli phages for phage therapy: from laboratory to pilot scale. Appl Environ Microbiol

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They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They're very safe and you cannot overuse them.O’Flaherty S, Ross RP, Meaney W, Fitzgerald GF, Elbreki MF, Coffey A. Potential of the polyvalent anti-Staphylococcus bacteriophage K for control of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci from hospitals. Appl Environ Microbiol Cetomacrogol cream was chosen as a comparator as it is a non-ionic moisturising cream, often used as a vehicle for delivery of topical medications. 22 , 23 The treatment was administered for 8 weeks to allow both the speed of onset and the duration of effect to be assessed. This identified that honey had efficacy within 2 weeks of treatment, with further efficacy obtained during the 8-week treatment period. Adverse event data did not allow us to reliably ascertain whether the rosacea-specific adverse events such as burning, itching, peeling, stinging, dry skin and pain were associated only with the application of the investigational medicine or whether they were ongoing rosacea symptoms. However, it was reassuring that the number of participants with rosacea-specific adverse events was similar between Honevo and the paraffin-based emollient control cream.