I have never begun to understand the enthusiasm in Scotland, in particular, for a family of staunch Catholics, given the massive problems Charles II encountered there after his father’s execution by his refusal to abjure the Church of England and take up Presbyterianism, but that’s not really what I am interested in today. While Jacobite agents continued in their attempts to recruit the disaffected, the most committed Jacobites were often linked by relatively small family networks, particularly in Scotland; Jacobite activities in areas like Perthshire and Aberdeenshire centred on a limited number of influential families heavily involved in 1715 and 1745.

English Society, 1688–1832: Ideology, Social Structure, and Political Practice During the Ancien Regime. This is the first modern history for general readers of the entire Jacobite movement in Scotland, England and Ireland, from the 'Glorious Revolution' of 1688 that drove James II into exile to the death of his grandson, Cardinal Henry, Duke of York, in 1807. However, views on the 'correct' balance of rights and duties between monarch and subject varied, and Jacobites attempted to distinguish between 'arbitrary' and 'absolute' power. His humiliating defeat at the Battle of the Boyne on 1 July 1690, celebrated to this day by Protestants in Northern Ireland, was an early omen for the entire enterprise.In April, the Scottish Convention held that James "forfeited" the throne of Scotland by his actions, listed in the Articles of Grievances. As well as providing a haven for the exiled royal court, France was also patron and sponsor of any attempted rebellion. The ongoing Stuart focus on England and regaining a united British throne led to tensions with their broader-based supporters in 1745, when the primary goal of most Scots Jacobites was ending the 1707 Union.

The Invention of Scotland (Routledge Revivals): The Stuart Myth and the Scottish Identity, 1638 to the Present.Throughout the 17th century, the close connection between Scottish politics and religion meant changes of regime were accompanied by the losers being expelled from the kirk. It also ignored the impact of the 1685 Edict of Fontainebleau, which revoked tolerance for French Protestants and created an estimated 400,000 refugees, 40,000 of whom settled in London. As the political danger of Jacobitism receded, the movement was increasingly viewed as a romantic symbol of the past, particularly the final rebellion. The heir presumptive would be the present holder's younger brother, Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria (born 1937).

a] The Jacobite succession, as a dynastic alternative for the throne, became a major factor in destabilising British politics between 1689 and 1746. I had not known, for instance, that, following 1776, Charles was touted as a potential ruler of the newly independent American colonies – though this was no more than a fantasy of some of the more-enthusiastic Boston Jacobites. This has led some historians, notably Bruce Lenman, to characterise the Jacobite risings as French-backed coup attempts by a small network drawn from the elite, though this view is not universally accepted.James lawfully succeeded his brother, Charles II, to the throne on 6 February 1685, as Charles did not have any legitimate children.

Following the death of Henry in 1807, the Jacobite claim passed to those excluded by the 1701 Act of Settlement. Charles continued to explore options for a rising in England, including his conversion to Anglicanism, a proposal that had outraged his father James when previously suggested. It has been suggested that a repeal of the Act of Settlement 1701 could allow him to claim the throne, although he has expressed no interest in doing so. You really do get the sense that the British state was rattled by the rebellion, and that fear of the Jacobites lingered long after the Forty-Five. Many of the Highland clansmen who were a feature of Jacobite armies were raised this way: in all three major risings, the bulk of the rank and file were supplied by a small number of north-western clans whose leaders joined the rebellion.Historian Frank McLynn identifies seven primary drivers in Jacobitism, noting that while the movement contained "sincere men [.