a b c Eow, John S. (2002). "Recovery of sulfur from sour acid gas: A review of the technology". Environmental Progress. 21 (3): 143–162. doi: 10.1002/ep.670210312.

Goldhaber, M.B.; Kaplan, I.R. (April 1980). "Mechanisms of sulfur incorporation and isotope fractionation during early diagenesis in sediments of the gulf of California". Marine Chemistry. 9 (2): 95–143. doi: 10.1016/0304-4203(80)90063-8. Sulfur dioxide can react with certain 1,3- dienes in a cheletropic reaction to form cyclic sulfones. This reaction is exploited on an industrial scale for the synthesis of sulfolane, which is an important solvent in the petrochemical industry. Petrography and mineralogy of the crystalline limestone of Fatha Formation from Mishraq area, Iraq". ResearchGate . Retrieved 15 April 2022. Nelson, D. L.; Cox, M. M. (2000). Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry (3rded.). New York: Worth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-57259-153-0. Wasmund, Kenneth; Mußmann, Marc; Loy, Alexander (August 2017). "The life sulfuric: microbial ecology of sulfur cycling in marine sediments: Microbial sulfur cycling in marine sediments". Environmental Microbiology Reports. 9 (4): 323–344. doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.12538. PMC 5573963. PMID 28419734.The second, fourth and sixth ionization energies of sulfur are 2252 kJ/mol, 4556 kJ/mol and 8495.8 kJ/mol, respectively. A composition of products of sulfur's reactions with oxidants (and its oxidation state) depends on that whether releasing out of a reaction energy overcomes these thresholds. Applying catalysts and / or supply of outer energy may vary sulfur's oxidation state and a composition of reaction products. While reaction between sulfur and oxygen at normal conditions gives sulfur dioxide (oxidation state +4), formation of sulfur trioxide (oxidation state +6) requires temperature 400–600°C (750–1,100°F) and presence of a catalyst. Many important cellular enzymes use prosthetic groups ending with -SH moieties to handle reactions involving acyl-containing biochemicals: two common examples from basic metabolism are coenzyme A and alpha-lipoic acid. [112] Cysteine-related metabolites homocysteine and taurine are other sulfur-containing amino acids that are similar in structure, but not coded by DNA, and are not part of the primary structure of proteins, take part in various locations of mammalian physiology. [113] [114] Two of the 13 classical vitamins, biotin and thiamine, contain sulfur, and serve as cofactors to several enzymes. [115] [116]

Kim, Ik Soo; Kwak, Seung Im; Park, Ul Jae; Bang, Hong Sik; Han, Hyun Soo (1 July 2005). Production of Sulfur-35 by the Cation Exchange Process. 2005 autumn meeting of the KNS, Busan (Korea, Republic of), 27-28 Oct 2005.Sulfur reacts directly with methane to give carbon disulfide, which is used to manufacture cellophane and rayon. [39] One of the uses of elemental sulfur is in vulcanization of rubber, where polysulfide chains crosslink organic polymers. Large quantities of sulfites are used to bleach paper and to preserve dried fruit. Many surfactants and detergents (e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate) are sulfate derivatives. Calcium sulfate, gypsum (CaSO 4·2H 2O) is mined on the scale of 100million tonnes each year for use in Portland cement and fertilizers.

Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp.E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.While the plants' role in transferring sulfur to animals by food chains is more or less understood, the role of sulfur bacteria is just getting investigated. [106] [107] Protein and organic metabolites [ edit ] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86thed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Sulfur dioxide ( IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula S O

In humans methionine is an essential amino acid; cysteine is conditionally essential and may be synthesized from non-essential serine (sulfur donor would be methionine in this case). Dietary deficiency rarely happens in common conditions. Artificial methionine deficiency is attempted to apply in cancer treatment, [121] but the method is still potentially dangerous. [122]

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Blum, J. Eric; Coe, Fredric L. (13 January 2010). "Metabolic Acidosis after Sulfur Ingestion". New England Journal of Medicine. 297 (16): 869–870. doi: 10.1056/nejm197710202971606. PMID 904661 . Retrieved 2 September 2022.